- Aketon- Padded tunic worn under armor
- Arrow Loop - A narrow vertical slit cut into a wall through
which arrows could be fired from inside.
- Bailey - The castle courtyard, inside the castle walls,
includes exercise area, parade ground, emergency corral
- Banners - Brightly colored flags, often very long and
beautifully decorated.
- Battering ram - A long wooden beam that was swung at
castle walls to knock them down.
- Battlements - Low wall on top of the main castle walls.
Soldiers could shelter behind them when under attack.
- Baluster - A small column.
- Buckler - Small round shield.
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Coat of arms - Badge or crest worn by a knight, showing he belonged
to a noble family.
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Crusades - Wars between Christians and Muslims for the right to
rule the Holy Land.
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Curb Bit - Metal bar that goes inside the horse's mouth. It helps
the rider control the horse.
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Dungeons - Small dark rooms where prisoners were kept, usually
underground.
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Dubbed - Tapped on the shoulders. Part of the ceremony of becoming
a knight.
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Falchion - Curved, single - edged sword.
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Guardroom - A room, usually close to the gate of a castle, for the
guards to use.
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Hawking - Hawks are large birds that kill other animals for
food. For this sport they were sent to catch wild birds, such as
pigeons.
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Minstrel - A singer and storyteller who entertained knights and lords
during feasts.
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Melee - Mock battle fought by teams of knights.
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Palfrey - Horse specially bred to be comfortable to ride.
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Parapet - The walkway along the top of a castle wall.
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Plate armor - Armor made of large pieces of metal, shaped to fit the
body.
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Rushes - Long grass that was dried and put on floors.
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Quintain - Machine used for practice fighting. It was made
of a wooden pole with a shield at one end and a heavy weight on
the other.
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Squire - A young man, usually the son of a knight or lord, who was
training to become a knight.
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Tapestries - Decorated wall hangings, usually made of woolen cloth.
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Tournament - Mock battles fought by knights for sport and fun.
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